Product
Introduction
Fluoropolymer
What is fluoropolymer?
What is fluoropolymer?

Fluoropolymer, like silicones, are made from ores. When an ore called fluorite is reacted with sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrofluoric acid (HF) is formed, and when various chemicals (chloroform) are reacted with this hydrofluoric acid (HF), gas is generated. The gas (R22) generated at this time is freon gas, which is commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners.
PTFE is made by polymerizing or reacting this gas.

The representative product among fluorine products is PTFE, which is commonly known as Teflon.
From there, it goes through various manufacturing process to become necessary products.

Fluoropolymer Manufacturing Method
1. Fluoropolymer Manufacturing Method
2. Monomer Manufacturing
Chemical Structure and Characteristics of Representative Fluoropolymer
Name, Chemical Structure Characteristics
PTFE–(CF₂-CF₂)n– It has excellent thermostability, chemical resistance, electrical properties, non-stickiness, and self-lubrication.
PFA–(CF₂-CF₂)–(CF₂-CF₂)m– It has properties comparable to PTFE and is capable of melt-formed. It even has the toughness.
FEP–(CF₂-CF₂)–(CF₂-CF)– Although it has slightly lower heat resistance compared to PTFE, the other physical properties are almost equal. In particular, its electrical properties are comparable to PTFE. However, its crack resistance is poor.
PCTFE–(CF₂-CFCI)n– It is hard and it has low gas permeability. It has excellent dimensional stability at low temperatures, but the molding temperature range is narrow.
ETFE–(CF₂-CF₂)n–(CH₂-CH₂)m– It has excellent mechanical strength, including cut-through resistance. It also has good electrical and heat conductivity and good radiation resistance.
PVDF–(CF₂-CH₂)n– It has high mechanical strength and excellent wear resistance. However the heat resistance is poor.
General Properties of Representative Fluoropolymers
Category Unit ASTM
Standard		 PTFE PFA FEP PCTFE ETFE PVDF
Melting Point ℃ - 327 310 260 220 220~260 155~175
Relative Density - D792 2.14~2.20 2.12~2.17 2.12~2.17 2.10~2.20 1.73~1.74 1.75~1.78
Tensile Strength Mpa D638 20~35 25~35 20~30 31~41 38~42 25~60
Tensile Elongation % D638 200~400 300~350 250~330 80~250 300~400 200~430
Tensile Modulus GPa D638 0.40~0.60 0.31~0.35 0.32~0.35 1.03~2.10 0.70~0.85 0.80~2.48
Impact Strength (Izod) J/m D256 150~160 none none 135~145 none 165~375
Hardness (Shore) - D2240 D50~55 D62~66 D60~65 D75~80 D67~78 D67~77
Linear Expansion Rate 10⁻⁵/℃ D696 10 12 8~11 4~7 6 14
Load Deflection Temperature 1.81 Pa ℃ D648 55 50 50 90 74 87~115
0.45 Pa ℃ D648 121 74 72 126 104 138
Maximum Operating Temperature (continuous) ℃ - 260 260 200 170~200 150~180 120~160
Dielectric Breakdown Strength
(Short Time, 3.2 mm)		 KV/mm D149 19 20 20~24 20~24 16 10
Permittivity 10³Hz - D150 <2.1 <2.1 2.1 2.3~2.8 2.6 7.7
10⁶Hz - D150 <2.1 <2.1 2.1 2.3~2.5 2.6 6.4
Dissipation Factor 10³Hz 10⁻⁴ D150 <2.0 <2.0 2 230~270 8 180
10⁶Hz 10⁻⁴ D150 <2.0 3 5 200 50 170
Absorption Rate (24h) % D570 <0.01 <0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.04~0.06
Refractive Index - - 1.35 1.35 1.338 1.425 1.4 1.42
Contact Angle (water) 。 - 114 115 115 84 96 82
Limited Oxygen Index - D2863 >95 >95 >95 >95 32 44
Flame-Resistance (3.2 mm) - (UL94) V·0 V·0 V·0 V·0 V·0 V·0
Dissipation Factor Acid - - ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ○
Alkali ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ◎ ◎
Organic Solvent ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ◎ △
Melt Viscosity Pa·s - 10¹⁰~10¹¹ 10³~10⁴ 10³~10⁴ 10⁵~10⁶ 10²~10³ 10²~10³
Melting Temperature ℃ - (360~380) 350~390 350~380 240~260 280~340 200~260